First Information Report (FIR)
Who can file an FIR?
FIR can be filled by anyone who is a victim of crime, or has witnessed crime or has information about a crime. The first step to any criminal proceedings is an FIR. It is for this reason the FIR plays a vital role throughout the case.
Where to file an FIR?
An FIR can be filled by the complainant at the nearby Police Station having jurisdiction over the area where the crime has been committed. Other than these a Zero FIR can be filed in order to espouse quick action.
Who can registers an FIR in the Police Station?
The Station House Officers (SHO), who is the in-charge of the Thana or any senior level officers who is above the rank of a constable can register an FIR. If in case, the senior officials are not present at the Police Station, a Sub- Inspector (SI) or Head Constable, can lodge the FIR.
What has to be done if the Police Station refuses to register an FIR?
It is mandatory on the part of the Police Station to file an FIR under all cognizable offences. However, if in certain cases the Police Station refuses to register an FIR, one can complain to the Superintendent of Police (SP) or higher officials like Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG) and Inspector General of Police (IG).
A written complaint can be send to the SP concerned. The matter will be investigated if he is satisfied with the complaint.
Things to keep in mind
- An FIR has to be filled immediately. In case, of delay it has to be justified
- Date, time and scene of crime have to be accurate
- Be specific, to the point
- There should be four copies simultaneously, with carbon sheets in between
- It must be recorded in first language
- Try to write in simple language furnishing even the minutest of details if possible
- Do not forget to mention eye witnesses, if any
- Mention why you think that the crime was committed
- After writing the FIR read thoroughly and sign it
- Collect a copy of the FIR for your records
** Never file a false complaint or provide wrong information to the police. Giving wrong information or misleading police can lead to prosecution under 203, Indian Penal Code 1860.
